Insights
Private Markets Intelligence
Guides on ESOP taxation, cap tables, secondary transactions, and India's private market ecosystem.
How to Calculate DPI, RVPI and TVPI: Formula, Example and Common Mistakes
How to calculate DPI, RVPI and TVPI from an LP capital account, check them against the GP report, and spot the mistakes that move the multiple.
VC Portfolio Monitoring: How to Run a Monthly Review That Catches Problems Early
A monthly routine for VC funds: collect the same five numbers from every portfolio company, check them, score each against written thresholds, and give every flag an owner and a date.
What Is a Capital Call? Meaning, Worked Example and Notice Checklist
A capital call is a fund's formal request that its investors send part of the money they promised. See the four balances to track, a worked example and a notice checklist.
IRR vs XIRR: What is the difference? What should private market investors check?
IRR assumes equal periods; XIRR uses actual dates. A dated startup example shows how far the choice moves the return, with spreadsheet steps and checks.
How to Collect Portfolio Company Updates Without Chasing Founders
Send the same short request to every founder on Day 1, one reminder on Day 5 and a note from the deal lead on Day 10. The calendar does the chasing, so nobody has to nag.
How Continuation Funds Are Solving the 2026 DPI Problem
A continuation vehicle can create an LP liquidity choice. DPI improves only when distributions reach LPs; review price, conflicts and fund terms.
Cap Table Audit-Proofing: The Best Practices Framework for Indian Startups in 2026
Reconcile a startup cap table to dated company and transaction records, track exceptions and prepare a clear ownership schedule for investor due diligence.
Managing equity and ESOPs through an Indian company restructure
A dated share-and-option map helps CFOs separate current ownership from proposed restructuring outcomes.
ESOP vs Phantom Stock for International Hires: Which Equity Structure Actually Works
An ESOP can make an overseas hire a shareholder; phantom stock pays cash instead. Here is what FEMA and Indian tax law say and when each fits.
Senior-hire ESOP vesting: clauses founders should settle
A practical clause checklist for senior-hire ESOP offers under India's unlisted-company vesting rules.
AIF Fund Accounting Software: How to Choose for Your Fund
Choose AIF accounting software by testing responsibility for the books, valuation evidence, report controls and sample exports.
How to choose an ESOP design adviser in India
A practical proposal checklist for Indian founders choosing an ESOP design adviser, with questions on scope, ownership, specialist input and records.